Continuity Editing
Match on action technique
This is a technique used to preserve temporal continuity where there is an unrepeated physical motion in the same passage between two or more shots. A match on action is when an action occurring before the temporally questionable cut is picked up where the cut left it by the shot immediately following, in other words the same physical motion carries on at the same place into the next shot from the previous shot. If this is unsuccessful (i.e. a part of the motion is left out between the shots) then it leads to discontinuity and could leave the viewer disorientated.
An example of a match on action could be in a scenario where a man is lifting his gun and this action is shown at a mid-shot and then a close-up shot. Clearly, if a part of the action of lifting up his gun is missed out then the action seems unrealistic and therefore unbelievable. In our own continuity sequence and example of match on action is the part of the man walking through the door and into the room, as we are filming him from behind as he walks through the door and then wait for him inside the room when he walks into the room. If the action of walking through the door in the shot from the room is different to that in the previous shot, then it will be unrealistic and unsuccessful.
Shot reverse shot
Match on action technique
This is a technique used to preserve temporal continuity where there is an unrepeated physical motion in the same passage between two or more shots. A match on action is when an action occurring before the temporally questionable cut is picked up where the cut left it by the shot immediately following, in other words the same physical motion carries on at the same place into the next shot from the previous shot. If this is unsuccessful (i.e. a part of the motion is left out between the shots) then it leads to discontinuity and could leave the viewer disorientated.
An example of a match on action could be in a scenario where a man is lifting his gun and this action is shown at a mid-shot and then a close-up shot. Clearly, if a part of the action of lifting up his gun is missed out then the action seems unrealistic and therefore unbelievable. In our own continuity sequence and example of match on action is the part of the man walking through the door and into the room, as we are filming him from behind as he walks through the door and then wait for him inside the room when he walks into the room. If the action of walking through the door in the shot from the room is different to that in the previous shot, then it will be unrealistic and unsuccessful.
Shot reverse shot
This is a technique in which two or more characters/ objects are required, and it consists of the camera focusing on one character/ object that is looking at the other character/ object who is off-screen, then the shot switches to the second character/ object looking “back” at the first character. Since the characters are shown facing in opposite directions, the viewer assumes that they are looking at each other.
An example of shot reverse shot from No Country For Old Men:
The 180 degree rule
This is a technique used to prevent viewer disorientation. It is based on the concept that the two or more people or objects in the shot should always have the same left/ right relationship to each other. This is achieved by making sure that the camera doesn’t pass over the imaginary axis connecting the two subjects. Passing this axis is known as crossing the line, and results in upsetting the left/ right relationships between the subjects in the shot. This shot, from the opposite side, is known as a reverse angle.
Diagram of the 180 degree
rule:
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